Resumen Introducción: Identificar las características preoperatorias que predicen el fracaso de la colocación de stent ureteral en mujeres con uropatía obstructiva secundaria por cáncer cervicouterino. Métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, analítico. Se revisaron los registros clínicos de pacientes con diagnóstico de uropatía obstructiva secundaria por cáncer cervicouterino. Se incluyeron 52 pacientes atendidos entre enero de 2017 y enero de 2021. El diagnóstico de uropatía obstructiva consistió en hidronefrosis o hidrouréter en estudios de imagen y elevación de la creatinina sérica basal y nitrógeno ureico en sangre con síndrome urémico. Se realizó un análisis de variables de interés para evaluar la asociación con el fracaso de la colocación de stent ureteral. Resultados: Se observó que la tasa global de colocación fallida de stent ureteral fue del 55.8%. No encontramos diferencias en las características basales entre los pacientes con colocación exitosa o no exitosa de stent ureteral. Un mayor porcentaje de pacientes con derivación urinaria fallida al ingreso presentaron disminución de la diuresis (58.6% vs 30.4%, p=0.04), síndrome urémico (51.7% vs 21.7%, p=0.02), así como aumento en la mediana de la creatinina sérica (6.6 frente a 2.6 mg/dL, p=0.03) en comparación con pacientes con colocación exitosa de stent ureteral. Un valor de corte de creatinina sérica al ingreso de 3.4 mg/dl produjo una sensibilidad del 69 % y una especificidad del 65.2 % para la colocación fallida de un stent ureteral (AUC=0.674, IC del 95 %: 0-52-0.82; p=0.03). Conclusión: Nuestros datos sugieren Jque la obstrucción ureteral distal evidenciada por imágenes, independientemente de la extensión de la invasión, es el factor más importante relacionado con la colocación fallida de un stent ureteral.

Abstract Introduction: To identify preoperative features that predict ureteral stent placement failure in women with obstructive uropathy secondary to cervical cancer. Methods: Observational, descriptive, analytical study. Clinical registries of patients with diagnosis of obstructive uropathy secondary to cervical cancer were reviewed. Fifty-two patients attended between January 2017 to January 2021 were included. Diagnosis of obstructive uropathy consisted of hydronephrosis or hydroureter in imaging studies and elevation in baseline serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen with uremic syndrome. An analysis of variables of interest was carried out to assess the association with ureteral stent placement failure. Results: We observed that the overall rate of failed ureteral stent placement was 55.8%. We did not find any differences in baseline characteristics between patients with successful or unsuccessful ureteral stent placement. A higher percentage of patients with failed urinary diversion on admission had a decrease in urinary output (58.6% vs. 30.4%, p=0.04), uremic syndrome (51.7% vs. 21.7%, p=0.02), as well as an increased median serum creatinine (6.6 vs. 2.6 mg/dL, p=0.03) compared to patients with successful ureteral stent placement. An admission serum creatinine cut-off value of 3.4 mg/dL yielded sensitivity of 69% and specificity of 65.2% for unsuccessful ureteral stent placement (AUC=0.674, 95% CI 0-52-0.82; p=0.03). Conclusion: Our data suggest that distal ureteral obstruction evidenced by imaging, regardless of the extent of invasion, is the most important factor related to unsuccessful ureteral stent placement.

ABSTRACT Background: SARS-CoV-2 virus originated in Wuhan (China) in December (2019) and quickly spread worldwide. Antigen tests are rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) that produce results in 15-30 min and are an important tool for the scale-up of COVID-19 testing. COVID-19 diagnostic tests are authorized for self-testing at home in some countries, including Brazil. Widespread COVID-19 diagnostic testing is required to guide public health policies and control the speed of transmission and economic recovery. Methods: Patients with suspected COVID-19 were recruited at the Hospital da Baleia (Belo Horizonte, Brazil). The SARS-CoV-2 antigen-detecting rapid diagnostic tests were evaluated from June 2020 to June 2021 using saliva, nasal, and nasopharyngeal swab samples from 609 patients. Patient samples were simultaneously tested using a molecular assay (RT-qPCR). Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and positive and negative predictive values were determined using the statistical program, MedCalc, and GraphPad Prism 8.0. Results: The antigen-detecting rapid diagnostic tests displayed 98% specificity, 60% sensitivity, 96% positive predictive value, and moderate concordance with RT-qPCR. Substantial agreement was found between the two methods for patients tested < 7 days of symptom onset. Conclusions: Our findings support the use of Ag-RDT as a valuable and safe diagnostic method. Ag-RDT was also demonstrated to be an important triage tool for suspected COVID-19 patients in emergencies. Overall, Ag-RDT is an effective strategy for reducing the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and contributing to COVID-19 control.

Abstract This study aimed to characterize papaya lines via microsatellite markers, and select genotypes based on the fixation index in order to promote the genetic purification of important commercial hybrids parent lines. Overall, 400 genotypes from three parental lines (JS-12, SS-72/12, and Sekati) were genotyped. Expected (HE), observed (HO) heterozygosity, and fixation index (F), were estimated. Genetic distances were estimated using an unweighted index, which was graphically presented via cluster analysis using the UPGMA and PCoA. Intra-genotypic variability was detected in both JS-12 and Sekati lines, while an absence of it was observed in SS-72/12. Such variability may positively contribute to the fitting of ‘UENF/Caliman 01’ and ‘UC-10’ hybrids into the traits of commercial interest how size and weight fruit. Regarding the fixation index, 293 genotypes showed maximum values (F=1) facilitating the genotypes selection process. Concerning population analysis, a close proximity between heterotic group ‘Formosa’ lines was observed, while a greater distance among ‘Solo’ group ones, and this enables systematic exploitation of such material. The fixation index maximum enabled the 80 genotypes selection thereby contributing to the parents genetic purification, since, the selected genotypes will be used in future hybridization steps to generate hybrids fitted into the traits of commercial interest.

ABSTRACT Selection indexes represent the real efforts of a breeding program to obtain genetic gains for various significant traits simultaneously. As such, this study selected superior F5 lines by combined selection for fruit quality using an index based on predicted genotypic values via residual or restricted maximum likelihood/best linear unbiased prediction (REML/BLUP) methodology weighted by agronomic weights. To do so, 97 F5 papaya lines obtained by the single seed descent method, resulting from the biparental cross between the genotypes JS-12 and Sekati, were evaluated for the main traits related to fruit quality. Results of the analysis of deviance and the genetic parameters indicated that there was genetic variability, indicating possible success in the selection process. Based on the selection index, 29 lines were selected as superior for fruit quality with ‘Formosa’ pattern. The strategy of the selection index combining BLUPs of multiple traits of interest associated with agronomic weights allows maximizing genetic progress while discarding less-promising genotypes.

Resumo É apresentado o caso de uma criança do sexo masculino com 26 meses de idade, que recorreu ao Serviço de Urgência por edema do lábio superior e região malar esquerda com menos de 24 horas de evolução e agravamento progressivo. Não foram reportadas outras queixas associadas, história prévia de traumatismo ou picada de inseto. Foi efetuada tomografia computorizada maxilofacial com contraste, que revelou “abcesso pré-maxilar esquerdo associado a fleimão nasogeniano ipsilateral”. O doente iniciou antibioterapia endovenosa com claritromicina e clindamicina e corticoterapia sistémica com dexametasona e foi internado no Serviço de Pediatria, apresentando evolução clínica favorável, com resolução total dos sinais inflamatórios. À data da alta, mantinha-se assintomático e foi orientado para consulta de Otorrinolaringologia para seguimento. Apesar de o cisto nasolabial ser uma entidade rara em idade pediátrica, este caso clínico pretende alertar para a sua existência e reforçar a importância do seu reconhecimento pelos clínicos, bem como aumentar o conhecimento da sua evolução e tratamento.

Abstract Herein is described the case of a 26-month-old male observed in the Emergency Department for edema of the upper lip and left malar region with less than 24 hours of evolution and progressive worsening. No other associated complaints, previous history of trauma, or insect sting were reported. Computed tomography revealed a “left premaxillary abscess associated with ipsilateral nasogenian phlegm”. Intravenous antibiotic therapy with clarithromycin and clindamycin and systemic corticosteroid therapy with dexamethasone were started, and the boy was admitted to the Pediatric Department. He presented favorable clinical evolution, with complete resolution of inflammatory signs. At discharge, the patient remained asymptomatic and was referred to Otorhinolaryngology consultation for follow-up. Although nasolabial cysts are rare in pediatric age, this case intends to raise awareness of the condition, enabling its recognition by clinicians, and increase knowledge about its course and treatment.

RESUMO A assertividade é uma habilidade social chave para a promoção do desenvolvimento do homem e a prevenção de problemas psicossociais em diferentes áreas da evolução humana. O objetivo deste trabalho é determinar as características que a comunicação assertiva assume nos dirigentes da Escola de Iniciação ao Esporte "Ormani Arenado Llonch" de Pinar del Río. Um estudo observacional, descritivo e transversal foi realizado entre abril e junho de 2018. Para este fim, foi utilizada uma amostragem de conveniência não-probabilística, e a amostra consistiu de 12 diretores. Os métodos empíricos utilizados para obter informações foram: a observação, a Escala de Assertividade de Rathus e a entrevista semiestruturada. A pesquisa mostrou uma predominância de gerentes entre 50 e 60 anos de idade (33 %) e pertencentes ao sexo masculino (67 %). Os cargos ocupados foram principalmente o de Chefe Adjunto de Treinamento Integral, Chefe de Grau e Chefe de Departamento (25 %). A amostra inteira recebeu treinamento de pós-graduação (100 %). Os participantes com entre 21 e 30 anos de experiência de trabalho foram predominantes. Prevaleceu o estilo de comunicação assertiva e confrontacional (42 %). O desenvolvimento econômico e social na Cuba de hoje precisa de gestores que estejam longe de posturas agressivas e egoístas; mas também que deixem para trás posturas acríticas e passivas; precisa de homens e mulheres assertivos.

ABSTRACT Assertiveness is a key social skill for the promotion of human development and the prevention of psychosocial problems in the various areas of human development. The aim of this paper is to determine the characteristics that assertive communication assumes in managers of the Sports Initiation School "Ormani Arenado Llonch" of Pinar del Río. An observational, descriptive, cross sectional study was conducted in the period between April and June 2018. For this purpose, a non-probabilistic convenience sampling was used, and the sample consisted of 12 managers. The empirical methods used to obtain information were: observation, the Rathus Assertiveness Scale and the semi-structured interview. It was shown a prevalence of managers between 50 and 60 years of age (33 %) and belonging to the male gender (67 %). The positions held were mainly Assistant Director in Integral Formation, Head of Grade and Head of Department (25 %). The totality of the sample received postgraduate courses (100 %). Participants with between 21 and 30 years of work experience prevailed. The assertive confrontational communicative style prevailed (42 %). Economic and social development in today's Cuba needs managers who act away from aggressive and selfish postures; but also who leave behind uncritical and passive postures; rather it is needed assertive men and women.

RESUMEN La asertividad es una habilidad social clave para la promoción del desarrollo humano y la prevención de problemas psicosociales en los diversos ámbitos del desarrollo humano. El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar las características que asume la comunicación asertiva en directivos de la Escuela de Iniciación Deportiva Escolar "Ormani Arenado Llonch" de Pinar del Río. Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal en el periodo comprendido entre abril y junio de 2018. Para ello, se utilizó un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia, quedando conformada la muestra por 12 directivos. Como métodos empíricos de obtención de información, se utilizaron: la observación, la Escala de Asertividad de Rathus y la entrevista semiestructurada. En la investigación, se mostró predominio de directivos que se encontraban entre los 50 y 60 años de edad (33 %) y que pertenecían al género masculino (67 %). Los cargos ocupados fueron fundamentalmente Subdirector en Formación Integral, Jefe de Grado y Jefe de Departamento (25 %). La totalidad de la muestra recibió cursos de superación de postgrado (100 %). Primaron los participantes que tenían entre 21 y 30 años de experiencia laboral. Prevaleció el estilo comunicativo asertivo confrontativo (42 %). El desarrollo económico y social en la Cuba de hoy necesita de directivos que actúen alejados de posturas agresivas y egoístas; pero también que dejen atrás posturas acríticas y pasivas, necesita de hombres y mujeres asertivos.

ABSTRACT Introduction: In the context of mastering English, not all graduates meet the demands of a professional who is competent from a communication point of view. With such evidence, in postgraduate courses other ways have been sought to deepen the English of the specialty, which allows perfecting professional communicative competence. Objective: To present some considerations about the use of clinical cases in English as a tool for developing professional communicative competence. Methods: Descriptive study carried out at the Dental School of Havana during the first semester of the 2020-2021 academic year. The information was obtained through theoretical methods of analysis, as well as synthesis of bibliographic and documental reviews on the subject. Results: The use of clinical cases in English led to the enrichment of the technical vocabulary of the specialty. It stimulated the use of synonyms related to the dental terminology, and the difference between the language of the dental doctor and the patient. In addition, a didactic guide in English was designed with the vocabulary used for the presentation of clinical cases, which serves as reference material for dental doctors and professors who teach English for specific purposes. Conclusions: Undoubtedly, the use of clinical cases with all the discussions that it generates, helps develop professional communicative competence in English.

RESUMEN Introducción: En el contexto del dominio del inglés no todos los egresados satisfacen las exigencias de un profesional competente desde el punto de vista comunicativo. Ante tales evidencias, en los cursos de posgrados se han buscados otras vías para profundizar en el inglés de la especialidad, que permitan perfeccionar la competencia comunicativa profesional. Objetivo: Exponer algunas consideraciones sobre el uso de los casos clínicos en inglés como herramienta para desarrollar la competencia comunicativa profesional. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo en la Facultad de Estomatología de La Habana en el primer semestre del curso académico 2020-2021. La información se obtuvo mediante métodos teóricos de análisis, y síntesis de revisiones bibliográficas y documentales sobre el tema. Resultados: El uso de casos clínicos en inglés propició el enriquecimiento del vocabulario técnico de la especialidad; y estimuló el empleo de sinónimos relacionados con el lenguaje estomatológico, y la diferencia entre el lenguaje del estomatólogo y del paciente. Además, se diseñó una guía didáctica en inglés con el vocabulario utilizado para la presentación de casos clínicos que sirve como material de consulta para los estomatólogos y profesores que imparten inglés con fines específicos. Conclusiones: Sin lugar a dudas, el uso de casos clínicos con todas las discusiones que genera, ayuda a desarrollar la competencia comunicativa profesional en inglés.

ABSTRACT: The growing demand for quality of papaya by the domestic and international markets requires the development of genotypes that are capable of incorporating traits, such as high yield and fruit quality. This study estimated the genetic parameters and the specific combining ability of F4 papaya lines crossed to the SS-72/12 tester to identify genotypes with higher genetic value for hybrid production. We evaluated 169 treatments consisting of 62 topcross hybrid combinations, 97 F5 lines, and 10 controls in a 13 × 13 lattice design with five replicates and two plants per plot. The following traits were evaluated: plant height (PH), stem diameter (SD), first-fruit insertion height (FFIH), number of marketable fruits (NMF), number of deformed fruits (NDF), number of fruitless nodes (NFN), average fruit weight (FW), and yield (YLD). Differences p < 0.05 were found in most traits evaluated. The specific combining ability estimates indicate that hybrids formed by the cross between SS-72/12 tester and the following lines are promising, considering the multiple traits: UCLA08-088, UCLA08-101, UCLA08-071, UCLA08-014, UCLA08-025, UCLA08-028, UCLA08-122, UCLA08-055, UCLA08-026, and UCLA08-092. These hybrids meet the demands for domestic and international markets and may be available to producers as new papaya cultivars.

Resumen Un paciente masculino de 29 años con complejo de esclerosis tuberosa no diagnosticado previamente se presenta al departamento de urgencias por hematuria macroscópica anemizante. La tomografía computarizada reveló una masa renal bilateral compatible con angiomiolipoma y un hematoma retroperitoneal derecho. Se realizó una angioembolización de la arteria renal derecha previo a la nefrectomía. Los resultados de histopatología revelaron un tumor de colisión de angiomiolipoma y carcinoma renal de células claras. Relevancia: La presentación multisistémica del complejo de esclerosis tuberosa en combinación con los hallazgos histológicos de un tumor mixto de angiomiolipoma y carcinoma de células claras es una entidad poco frecuente en la bibliografía existente. Implicaciones clínicas: La angioembolización presenta menos complicaciones posoperatorias como íleo, dolor postoperatorio o infecciones, además en este caso, es de utilidad importante para facilitar el abordaje durante la nefrectomía y disminuir así el riesgo de sangrado transoperatorio. Conclusiones: Se describe un reporte de caso de Síndrome de Wünderlich en un paciente con complejo de esclerosis tuberosa, con un diagnóstico histopatológico de tumor mixto consistente en angiomiolipoma y carcinoma de células claras donde la angioembolización de la arteria renal antes de la nefrectomía se usó para reducir el riesgo de hemorragia intraoperatoria durante la nefrectomía.

Abstract A 29-year-old man with previously undiagnosed tuberous sclerosis complex arrived at the emergency department due to anemia-related gross hematuria. A computed tomography scan revealed a bilateral renal mass consistent with angiomyolipoma and a right retroperitoneal hematoma. Angioembolization of the right renal artery was performed prior to nephrectomy. The histopathologic results were collision angiomyolipoma and clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Relevance: The multisystemic presentation of tuberous sclerosis complex combined with the histologic findings of collision angiomyolipoma and clear cell renal cell carcinoma is a rare entity in the medical literature. Clinical implications: Angioembolization results in fewer postoperative complications of ileus, pain, or infection, and its utility in the present case was important for facilitating the approach during nephrectomy and reducing the risk for intraoperative bleeding. Conclusions: The present case report provides a description of Wunderlich syndrome in a patient with tuberous sclerosis complex and the histopathologic diagnosis of a collision tumor, consisting of angiomyolipoma and clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Angioembolization of the right renal artery was performed before nephrectomy, reducing the risk for intraoperative bleeding.

Abstract The pedagogical model of the medical sciences in Cuba has, among its main objectives, the quality of the comprehensive education of the student. It is important then, to understand the comprehensiveness in the field of teaching, research and after-school activities. The elective course is an essential proposal for the fulfillment of the study requisites in the training period of the students during their course. Objective: to characterize the elective course Let’s speak English in the School of Dentistry of Havana in the academic year 2017-2018. Methods: a descriptive study was conducted in the School of Dentistry of Havana in the academic year 2017-2018. The universe comprised 20 students of fourth year who selected the elective course. The technique of positive-negative- interesting criteria was used. An open question was added to enquire about some aspects which could improve the course. The description of the main characteristics of the elective course ended with the application of a survey which produced the following results: Of the 20 students who participated, 100% considered the course as positive regarding the development of the speaking and reading skills and writing and listening skills. Sixty percent (60%) evaluated the opportunity for interaction as positive, and 40% as interesting. The features described here support the good quality of the elective course: the syllabus design, the fulfillment of the expectations, the satisfaction with the chosen topics and the development of the teaching-learning process regarding the development of the communicative skills confirmed in the technique used.

Resumen El modelo pedagógico de las carreras de las Ciencias Médicas en Cuba presenta entre sus objetivos principales, la calidad de la formación integral del estudiante. Es importante entonces, entender la integralidad desde la docencia, la investigación y la extensión universitaria. El curso electivo es una propuesta esencial para el cumplimiento de los requisitos de estudios en el período de formación del estudiante en la carrera. Objetivo: caracterizar el curso electivo Vamos a hablar inglés en la Facultad de Estomatología de La Habana en el curso académico 2017-2018. Métodos: estudio descriptivo en la Facultad de Estomatología de La Habana en el curso 2017-2018. El universo estuvo constituido por los 20 estudiantes de cuarto año que seleccionaron el curso. Se utilizó la técnica de criterios positivos negativos e interesantes y una pregunta abierta para conocer cómo mejorar la calidad del mismo. La descripción de las características principales del curso electivo culminó con la aplicación de una encuesta que arrojó que de los 20 estudiantes que participaron, el 100% consideró el curso positivo en cuanto al desarrollo de la habilidad de expresión oral, expresión escrita, comprensión auditiva y de lectura, mientras que el 60% evaluó la oportunidad para la interacción como positiva y el 40 % interesante. Las características aquí descritas justifican la buena calidad del curso electivo: el diseño del programa, el cumplimiento de las expectativas, la satisfacción con los temas y el desarrollo del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje respecto al desarrollo de las habilidades comunicativas comprobadas en la técnica utilizada.

ABSTRACT: Introduction: According to the Latin American Nephrology and Hypertension Society it is estimated that in Latin America exists around 300 patients with chronic renal failure per million inhabitants, while the American Academy of Neurology reports that patients with cognitive risk are investigated from 60 years old. Objective: To demonstrate the existence of a relationship between levels of decreased glomerular filtration rate and the presence of cognitive impairment in patients with chronic kidney disease. Methodology: A cross-sectional, observational, descriptive and analytical study was performed to relate glomerular filtration rate levels to the score obtained in the MoCA Test. Results: The degree of association between the GFR and MoCA Test variables was evaluated. It was found that when the GFR decreases, the value of punctuation of the MoCA test also does, both variables are directly proportional with a p value of statistical significance of 0.000 (very significant) and a 76.55% strong force of association. Conclusion: We propose that in medical consultations chronic renal ifailure patients must be evaluated integrally, especially their levels of cognition for avoiding the worsening of their quality of life and functional capacity. Our public health system should make more research about this topic

RESUMEN Introducción: Según la Sociedad Latinoamericana de Nefrología e Hipertensión, se estima que en America Latina se hallan cifras de 300 pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica por cada millón de habitantes, mientras que la Academia Americana de Neurología reporta que se pesquisan a los pacientes con deterioro cognitivo a partir de los 60 años. Objetivos: Demostrar la relación entre niveles de tasa de filtrado glomerular disminuidos y presencia deterioro cognitvo en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal, observacional, descriptivo y analítico para relacionar los niveles de tasa de filtrado glomerular con la puntuación obtenida en el Test de Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA test o MoCA). Resultados: Se obtuvo la evaluación del nivel de asociación entre las variables tasa de filtrado glomerular y puntuación del test de MoCA encontrándose que entre más baja esté la tasa de filtrado glomerular se obtendrán valores del Test de MoCA que demuestren la probabilidad de existencia de deterioro cognitivo en los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica. Ambas variables son directamente proporcionales, con un valor p de significancia estadística de 0,000( muy significativo) y una fuerza de asociación del 76,55%. Conclusión: Se propone que en las consultas médicas se evalúe integralmente al paciente insuficiente renal crónico, en especial sus niveles de cognición para evitar empeorar su calidad de vida y capacidad funcional. Nuestro sistema de salud pública debería realizar más investigaciones acerca de este tema.

ABSTRACT Introduction: an educative program will be considered to have a good quality if it achieves the planned goals and objectives; if it has valuable and useful contents which respond to the necessary requirements to train the student comprehensively. Objective: to characterize some variables concerning the quality of the syllabus of the postgraduate course “Technical English for Dental Professionals” Methods: a cross sectional and descriptive study was conducted in the Dental Faculty of Havana in the second semester of the academic year 2016-2017. The following variables were analyzed: pertinence and social impact of the syllabus, syllabus of the course, academic tradition of the institution where the course was taught, work and academic background of the teachers that taught the course and the material and administrative backup for the syllabus. Results: the studied variables were evaluated as good, although there are difficulties with the scientific and research production of the English teachers that taught the course. Thirty-three of the forty-five of the participants of the course evaluated the physical conditions of the classrooms and the access to technology between 8 and 9 (73,3 %) and 12 of them between 6 and 7 (26 %). Conclusion: the variables studied show the quality of the syllabus of the postgraduate course “Technical English for Dental Professionals”. Nevertheless, the need for air conditioning of the classrooms and the improvement of the timetable are evident. At the same time there are differences in the work and academic background of the teachers who taught the course.

RESUMEN Introducción: Un programa educativo será considerado de calidad si logra sus metas y los objetivos previstos; si incluye contenido valioso y útil, que responda a los requerimientos necesarios para formar de manera integral al estudiante. Objetivo: Caracterizar algunas variables de calidad del programa del curso de posgrado “Inglés Técnico para profesionales de Estomatología”. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en la Facultad de Estomatología de La Habana en el segundo semestre del curso académico 2016-2017. Se analizaron las variables siguientes: pertinencia e impacto social del programa, programa del curso, tradición de la institución sede donde se desarrolla el programa, perfil laboral y académico de los profesores que impartieron el curso y el respaldo material y administrativo del programa. Resultados: Las variables analizadas fueron evaluadas de bien, aunque existe dificultad con la producción científica-investigativa de los profesores de inglés que impartieron el curso. De los 45 profesionales que participaron en el curso 33 de ellos evaluaron las condiciones físicas de las aulas y el acceso a la tecnología entre los números 8 y 9 lo que representa un 73,3 % y 12 entre 6 y 7 para un 26, %. Conclusiones: Las variables investigadas demuestran la calidad del programa del curso de posgrado “Inglés Técnico para Profesionales de Estomatología”. Sin embargo, se evidencia la necesidad de la climatización de las aulas y el mejoramiento del horario docente, asimismo se manifiesta la diferencia en el perfil académico laboral de los profesores que imparten el curso.

Resumo O artigo analisa o impacto das mudanças em curso, com base na aprovação da lei n. 13.415, de 16 de fevereiro de 2017, na formação dos jovens, em particular na abordagem da saúde na escola. Debatemos como as alterações na Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional, introduzidas pela referida lei, poderão afetar a educação em saúde no ambiente escolar, retomando o debate sobre a educação em saúde na escola, a proposição da saúde como tema transversal e a abordagem da saúde nos livros didáticos. A contrarreforma do ensino médio significará, na prática, a flexibilização ou a supressão de conteúdos anteriormente obrigatórios a partir da instauração de itinerários formativos e arranjos curriculares com potencial para subtrair o debate do campo das ciências sociais e humanas, das quais comumente têm-se a expectativa de contribuir para a superação das concepções e práticas estritamente biomédicas do processo saúde-doença. Consideramos que profissionais de saúde, professores, pesquisadores e estudantes devam ampliar esse debate e participar efetivamente da luta pela reversão da contrarreforma tal como aprovada.

Abstract This article analyzes the impact of the ongoing changes, with the enactment of Brazilian Federal Law no. 13415, from February 16th, 2017, in the training of youths, especially regarding the approach to health in schools. We discuss how the changes in the Law of National Education Guidelines and Foundations (Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional, in Portuguese), introduced by the aforementioned law will affect education in health in school settings, reviving the debate about education in health in schools, the proposal of health as a cross-sectional topic, and the approach to health in schoolbooks. The counter-reformation of secondary education will mean, in practice, the adaptation or suppression of content that was previously mandatory with the establishment of training itineraries and syllabus arrangements with a potential to take the debate away from the fields of Social Sciences and Humanities, fields that are commonly expected to contribute to overcome the strictly biomedical conceptions and practices of the health-illness process. We consider that health professionals, teachers, researchers and students should expand this debate and effectively take part in the struggle for the reversal of the counter-reformation as it was enacted.

Resumen El artículo analiza el impacto de los cambios en curso en la formación de los jóvenes, en particular en el abordaje de la salud en la escuela, a partir de la aprobación de la ley n° 13.415 del 16 de febrero del 2017. Debatimos la forma en la que las modificaciones en la Ley de Directrices y Bases de la Educación Nacional, introducidas por la ley antes mencionada, podrán afectar la educación en salud en el ambiente escolar, retomando el debate sobre la educación en salud en la escuela, la propuesta de la salud como un tema transversal y el abordaje de la salud en los libros didácticos. La contrarreforma de la educación secundaria significará, en la práctica, la flexibilización o la eliminación de contenidos anteriormente obligatorios a partir de la instauración de itinerarios de formación y planes de estudio con potencial para retirar el debate del ámbito de las ciencias sociales y humanas, de las que comúnmente se espera que contribuyan a superar las concepciones y prácticas estrictamente biomédicas del proceso de salud-enfermedad. Consideramos que los profesionales de la salud, profesores, investigadores y estudiantes, deben ampliar este debate y participar efectivamente de la lucha para revertir la contrarreforma tal como ha sido aprobada.

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o tema do desenvolvimento na produção intelectual de Luiz Carlos Bresser-Pereira. Defende-se aqui que as mudanças em suas concepções estão fortemente ligadas às suas movimentações profissionais e políticas e propõe-se separar sua produção em quatro grandes variações: nacional-desenvolvimentismo, subdesenvolvimento industrializado, crise do Estado e novo desenvolvimentismo. Visto em perspectiva alongada, a obra de Bresser-Pereira revela um autor em busca do protagonista do processo de desenvolvimento brasileiro.

ABSTRACT This paper discusses the theme of development in the intellectual production of Luiz Carlos Bresser-Pereira. The variations in his conceptions are strongly related to his professional and political circulation and its production may be categorized in four main variations: national-developmentism, industrialized underdevelopmentism, crisis of State and new developmentism. In the long run, the work of Bresser-Pereira reveals an author searching for the protagonist of Brazilian development process.